Which model of care focuses on disease causation and the treatment of disease?

• A. Medical model
• B. Social model
• C. Nursing model
• D. Holistic model

Answer: (A)

The medical model centers on disease causation and treatment. Illness is viewed as a biological problem arising from pathophysiology, genetics, infection, or injury, and care focuses on diagnosing through objective findings and intervening to correct or control the underlying disease or relieve symptoms using medications, procedures, or surgery. This biomedical approach is what the question is asking for. In contrast, the social model emphasizes how social determinants affect health, the nursing model centers on patient-centered care and nursing processes, and the holistic model integrates physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being.